Pick the right generative mode
Text to Video and Image to Video use Gen-4.5 for highest quality. Gen-4 and Gen-4 Turbo trade cost and speed. Video to Video edits existing clips; Animate Frames interpolates keyframes.
Treat the image as frame one
For Gen-4 Image to Video, the upload defines composition, lighting, and style. Prompt almost entirely for motion, camera, and temporal change.
Describe camera motion explicitly
Locked, handheld, dolly, pan, tracking, whip pan, zoom, and focus shifts are valid prompt components. One primary camera move per test is easier to debug.
Separate subject and scene motion
Subject motion covers characters and objects. Scene motion covers environment reactions—rain, crowd, foliage, particles.
Match duration to motion complexity
Gen-4 supports 5- and 10-second outputs at 24fps. Complex motion may read cleaner in 5 seconds before extending.
Choose aspect ratio early
Official outputs include 16:9, 9:16, 1:1, 4:3, 3:4, and 21:9 resolutions. Set ratio before generating to avoid reframing later.
Use Gen-4 Turbo for iteration
Gen-4 Turbo costs 5 credits per second versus 12 for Gen-4 and Gen-4.5—useful for prompt iteration, then switch to Gen-4.5 or Gen-4 for final quality.
Generate reference stills first
Image models share the credit wallet with video on Standard and above. A strong still reduces visual surprises when you animate.
Avoid negative prompt sprawl
Runway recommends positive phrasing. State desired motion and what must stay unchanged instead of long exclusion lists.
Keep text prompts under the limit
Gen-4 text prompts allow up to 1000 characters. Clarity beats length—prioritize the most important motion components.
Plan credits before batches
Credits spend per second based on model and duration (e.g., Gen-4 at 12 credits/s vs Gen-4 Turbo at 5 credits/s per official help).
Separate app and API billing
Runway Dev API credits bill separately from app.runwayml.com subscriptions. Check API FAQs before integrating.
Iterate from the closest clip
Regenerate from the best prior output with one changed instruction instead of restarting from a unrelated prompt.
Use natural language
Full sentences give context for how elements appear and move. Keyword stacks alone increase ambiguity in Text to Video.
Check mobile compatibility
Gen-4 is available on web and the iOS app per official help. Confirm device support before planning a mobile workflow.